In Python, operators are special symbols or keywords that perform operations on one or more operands. Here’s an overview of some common types of operators in Python:
1. Arithmetic Operators:
- Perform mathematical operations.
a = 5
b = 2
# Addition
result_add = a + b # 7
# Subtraction
result_sub = a - b # 3
# Multiplication
result_mul = a * b # 10
# Division
result_div = a / b # 2.5
# Floor Division
result_floor_div = a // b # 2
# Modulus (Remainder)
result_mod = a % b # 1
# Exponentiation
result_exp = a ** b # 25
2. Comparison Operators:
- Compare values and return True or False.
x = 5
y = 10
# Equal to
is_equal = x == y # False
# Not equal to
not_equal = x != y # True
# Greater than
greater_than = x > y # False
# Less than
less_than = x < y # True
# Greater than or equal to
greater_than_equal = x >= y # False
# Less than or equal to
less_than_equal = x <= y # True
3. Logical Operators:
- Perform logical operations.
p = True
q = False
# Logical AND
logical_and = p and q # False
# Logical OR
logical_or = p or q # True
# Logical NOT
logical_not_p = not p # False
4. Assignment Operators:
- Assign values to variables.
x = 5
# Add and assign
x += 3 # Equivalent to x = x + 3
# Subtract and assign
x -= 2 # Equivalent to x = x - 2
# Multiply and assign
x *= 4 # Equivalent to x = x * 4
# Divide and assign
x /= 2 # Equivalent to x = x / 2
5. Bitwise Operators:
- Perform operations on individual bits.
a = 5 # 101 in binary
b = 3 # 011 in binary
# Bitwise AND
bitwise_and = a & b # 1 (001 in binary)
# Bitwise OR
bitwise_or = a | b # 7 (111 in binary)
# Bitwise XOR
bitwise_xor = a ^ b # 6 (110 in binary)
# Bitwise NOT
bitwise_not_a = ~a # -6 (two's complement representation)
These are just a few examples of the operators available in Python. Operators play a crucial role in performing various operations and computations in Python programs.